Covering the entire spectrum of this fast-changing field, Diagnostic Imaging: Pediatric Neuroradiology, fourth edition, is an invaluable resource for general radiologists, pediatric neuroradiologists, neurologists and neurosurgeons, and trainees-anyone who requires an easily accessible, highly visual reference in this complex area of imaging. Drs. Kevin R. Moore, Luke L. Linscott, and a team of highly regarded experts provide up-to-date information on nearly 280 diagnoses in short, detailed chapters to help you make informed decisions at the point of care. The text is lavishly illustrated, delineated, and referenced, making it a useful learning tool for readers at all levels of experience as well as a handy reference for daily practice. INDICE: SECTION 1: BRAIN PATHOLOGY-BASED DIAGNOSES CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS 4 Approach to Brain Malformations Luke L. Linscott, MD 8 Dandy-Walker Continuum Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 12 Rhombencephalosynapsis Luke L. Linscott, MD, Blaise V. Jones, MD, and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR 16 Unclassified Cerebellar Dysplasias Usha D. Nagaraj, MD and Blaise V. Jones, MD 18 Molar Tooth Malformations (Joubert) Luke L. Linscott, MD, Charles Raybaud, MD, FRCPC, and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR 22 Cerebellar Dysplastic Gangliocytoma Luke L. Linscott, MD 26 Cerebellar Hypoplasia Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 30 Holoprosencephaly Luke L. Linscott, MD, Charles Raybaud, MD, FRCPC, and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR 34 Syntelencephaly (Middle Interhemispheric Variant) Luke L. Linscott, MD and Charles Raybaud, MD, FRCPC 38 Septo-Optic Dysplasia Luke L. Linscott, MD 42 Commissural Abnormalities Luke L. Linscott, MD and Charles Raybaud, MD, FRCPC 46 Congenital Microcephaly Kevin R. Moore, MD 50 Congenital Muscular Dystrophy Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 54 Heterotopic Gray Matter Luke L. Linscott, MD 56 Polymicrogyria Luke L. Linscott, MD 60 Focal Cortical Dysplasia Luke L. Linscott, MD 62 Lissencephaly Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 64 Schizencephaly Luke L. Linscott, MD 68 Hemimegalencephaly Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 70 DNET Luke L. Linscott, MD 74 Neurofibromatosis Type 1, Brain Luke L. Linscott, MD 78 Neurofibromatosis Type 2, Brain Luke L. Linscott, MD and Gilbert Vézina, MD 82 von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome Luke L. Linscott, MD, Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR, and Gilbert Vézina, MD 86 Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Luke L. Linscott, MD 90 Sturge-Weber Syndrome Luke L. Linscott, MD 94 Meningioangiomatosis Kevin R. Moore, MD 96 Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome Luke L. Linscott, MD and Gilbert Vézina, MD 100 Neurocutaneous Melanosis Luke L. Linscott, MD 104 Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia Luke L. Linscott, MD, Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR, and Charles Raybaud, MD, FRCPC 108 Encephalocraniocutaneous Lipomatosis Luke L. Linscott, MD and Gilbert Vézina, MD TRAUMA 112 Neonatal Subpial Hemorrhage Kevin R. Moore, MD 116 Epidural Hematoma, Classic Kevin R. Moore, MD, Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR, and Gregory L. Katzman, MD, MBA 120 Acute Subdural Hematoma Kevin R. Moore, MD, Bronwyn E. Hamilton, MD, and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR 124 Evolving Subdural Hematoma Kevin R. Moore, MD, Charles Raybaud, MD, FRCPC, and A. James Barkovich, MD 128 Cerebral Contusion Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR 132 Diffuse Axonal Injury Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR 136 Subcortical Injury Luke L. Linscott, MD, Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR, and Gregory L. Katzman, MD, MBA 140 Abusive Head Trauma Luke L. Linscott, MD STROKE 144 Germinal Matrix Hemorrhage Luke L. Linscott, MD 148 Hydranencephaly Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR 150 White Matter Injury of Prematurity Luke L. Linscott, MD 154 Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Luke L. Linscott, MD 158 Childhood Stroke Luke L. Linscott, MD 162 Sickle Cell Disease, Brain Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anna Illner, MD 166 Moyamoya Luke L. Linscott, MD VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS 170 Arteriovenous Malformation Luke L. Linscott, MD 174 Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Luke L. Linscott, MD 178 Vein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformation Luke L. Linscott, MD 182 Developmental Venous Anomaly Luke L. Linscott, MD 188 Sinus Pericranii Luke L. Linscott, MD, Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR, and Anna Illner, MD 192 Cavernous Malformation Luke L. Linscott, MD 196 Capillary Telangiectasia Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR NEOPLASMS 200 Pilocytic Astrocytoma Luke L. Linscott, MD 204 Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR 208 Pediatric-Type Diffuse High-Grade Gliomas Luke L. Linscott, MD 212 Glioblastoma Luke L. Linscott, MD 216 Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma Luke L. Linscott, MD, Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR, and John H. Rees, MD 220 Brainstem Tumors Luke L. Linscott, MD 224 Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma Luke L. Linscott, MD 228 Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma Kevin R. Moore, MD and Karen L. Salzman, MD 232 Supratentorial Ependymoma Luke L. Linscott, MD 236 Infratentorial Ependymoma Luke L. Linscott, MD 240 Embryonal Tumors With Multilayered Rosettes Luke L. Linscott, MD 244 Choroid Plexus Papilloma Luke L. Linscott, MD 248 Choroid Plexus Carcinoma Luke L. Linscott, MD 252 Ganglioglioma Luke L. Linscott, MD 256 Desmoplastic Infantile Tumors Luke L. Linscott, MD 260 Pineoblastoma Luke L. Linscott, MD, Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR, and Laurie A. Loevner, MD 264 Medulloblastoma Luke L. Linscott, MD 268 Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor Luke L. Linscott, MD 272 Metastatic Neuroblastoma Kevin R. Moore, MD, Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR, and Chang Yueh Ho, MD 276 Leukemia Luke L. Linscott, MD 280 Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Skull and Brain Luke L. Linscott, MD, Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR, and Gary L. Hedlund, DO 284 Germinoma Luke L. Linscott, MD 288 Teratoma Luke L. Linscott, MD NONNEOPLASTIC CYSTS AND TUMOR MIMICS 292 Arachnoid Cyst Luke L. Linscott, MD 296 Dermoid Cyst Luke L. Linscott, MD and Chang Yueh Ho, MD 300 Epidermoid Cyst Luke L. Linscott, MD, Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR, and Gregory L. Katzman, MD, MBA 304 Neuroglial Cyst Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR 306 Enlarged Perivascular Spaces Luke L. Linscott, MD 310 Pineal Cyst Luke L. Linscott, MD 314 Choroid Plexus Cyst Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR 318 Ependymal Cyst Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR 320 Porencephalic Cyst Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR 324 Neurenteric Cyst Kevin R. Moore, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR 326 Lipoma Luke L. Linscott, MD, A. James Barkovich, MD, and Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR INFECTIOUS, INFLAMMATORY, AND DEMYELINATING DISEASE 330 Congenital CMV Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR, Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA, and Gary L. Hedlund, DO 334 Congenital HIV Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR 336 Neonatal Herpes Encephalitis Kevin R. Moore, MD, Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA, and Gary L. Hedlund, DO 338 Group B Streptococcal Meningitis Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Gary L. Hedlund, DO 342 Citrobacter Meningitis Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Gary L. Hedlund, DO 346 Parechovirus Encephalitis Luke L. Linscott, MD 348 Abscess, Brain Kevin R. Moore, MD, Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA, and Karen L. Salzman, MD 352 Ventriculitis Luke L. Linscott, MD, Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA, and Karen L. Salzman, MD 354 Empyema Kevin R. Moore, MD, Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA, and Karen L. Salzman, MD 358 Herpes Encephalitis Type 1 Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR 362 Miscellaneous Encephalitis Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR, Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA, and Karen L. Salzman, MD 366 Rasmussen Encephalitis Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Gary L. Hedlund, DO 370 Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis Kevin R. Moore, MD and Gary L. Hedlund, DO 372 Tuberculosis Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR 376 Neurocysticercosis Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR 380 Miscellaneous Parasites Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR 384 Approach to Pediatric Inflammatory and Demyelinating Diseases Kevin R. Moore, MD 388 Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Brain Kevin R. Moore, MD and Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA 392 ADEM Kevin R. Moore, MD, Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA, and Jeffrey S. Anderson, MD, PhD 396 Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody- Associated Disease (MOGAD) Kevin R. Moore, MD INHERITED METABOLIC/DEGENERATIVE DISORDERS 400 Approach to Normal Brain Development and Metabolic Disorders Kevin R. Moore, MD and A. James Barkovich, MD 406 Hypomyelination Blaise V. Jones, MD 410 MELAS Kevin R. Moore, MD and Susan I. Blaser, MD, FRCPC 414 Mitochondrial Encephalopathies Blaise V. Jones, MD 418 Mucopolysaccharidoses Kevin R. Moore, MD and Bryson Borg, MD 422 Gangliosidosis (GM2) Kevin R. Moore, MD and Anna Illner, MD 426 Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Kevin R. Moore, MD, Anna Illner, MD, and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR 430 Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy Blaise V. Jones, MD 434 Zellweger Syndrome and Peroxisomal Biogenesis Disorders Blaise V. Jones, MD 436 X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy Kevin R. Moore, MD, Susan I. Blaser, MD, FRCPC, and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR 440 Maple Syrup Urine Disease Kevin R. Moore, MD and Susan I. Blaser, MD, FRCPC 444 Urea Cycle Disorders Kevin R. Moore, MD and P. Ellen Grant, MD 446 Glutaric Aciduria Type 1 Kevin R. Moore, MD and Susan I. Blaser, MD, FRCPC 450 Canavan Disease Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and P. Ellen Grant, MD 452 Alexander Disease Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Anna Illner, MD 456 Megalencephaly With Leukoencephalopathy and Cysts Kevin R. Moore, MD and Susan I. Blaser, MD, FRCPC 460 Vanishing White Matter Kevin R. Moore, MD 464 X-Linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth Kevin R. Moore, MD 466 PKAN Kevin R. Moore, MD and Anna Illner, MD 470 Huntington Disease Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and James M. Provenzale, MD 474 Wilson Disease Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR ACQUIRED TOXIC/METABOLIC/DEGENERATIVE DISORDERS 478 Hypoglycemia Kevin R. Moore, MD, Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA, and P. Ellen Grant, MD 482 Kernicterus Kevin R. Moore, MD, Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA, and P. Ellen Grant, MD 484 Acute Hypertensive Encephalopathy, PRES Luke L. Linscott, MD 488 Mesial Temporal Sclerosis Kevin R. Moore, MD and Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA 492 Cerebellitis Luke L. Linscott, MD and Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA ANATOMY-BASED DIAGNOSES VENTRICLES AND CISTERNS 494 Approach to Ventricular Anatomy and Imaging Issues Kevin R. Moore, MD and A. James Barkovich, MD 498 Cavum Septi Pellucidi Kevin R. Moore, MD, Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA, and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR 499 Cavum Velum Interpositum Kevin R. Moore, MD, Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA, and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR 500 Benign Enlarged Subarachnoid Spaces Luke L. Linscott, MD 504 Hydrocephalus Blaise V. Jones, MD 508 Aqueductal Stenosis Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 512 CSF Shunts and Complications Kevin R. Moore, MD and Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA SELLA AND PITUITARY516 Approach to Pituitary Development Luke L. Linscott, MD 522 Pituitary Anomalies Luke L. Linscott, MD, Karen L. Salzman, MD, and Kevin R. Moore, MD 526 Craniopharyngioma Luke L. Linscott, MD 530 Hypothalamic Hamartoma Luke L. Linscott, MD SKULL, SCALP, AND MENINGES 534 Congenital Calvarial Defects Kevin R. Moore, MD 538 Craniosynostoses Kevin R. Moore, MD 542 Cephalocele Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 544 Atretic Cephalocele Kevin R. Moore, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR 548 Calvarial Fracture Kevin R. Moore, MD 552 Intracranial Hypotension Kevin R. Moore, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR 556 Fibrous Dysplasia Kevin R. Moore, MD, Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR, and Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA 560 Extramedullary Hematopoiesis Kevin R. Moore, MD, Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR, and Charles Raybaud, MD, FRCPC 564 Thick Skull Kevin R. Moore, MD, Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR, and Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA SECTION 2: HEAD AND NECK TEMPORAL BONE AND SKULL BASE 568 Classification of Inner Ear Malformations Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR 570 Labyrinthine Aplasia Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Luke L. Linscott, MD 572 Oval Window Atresia Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and H. Ric Harnsberger, MD 574 Cochlear Aplasia Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Caroline D. Robson, MBChB 576 Cochlear Hypoplasia Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR 578 Cochlear Nerve and Cochlear Nerve Canal Aplasia- Hypoplasia Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Caroline D. Robson, MBChB 580 X-Linked Stapes Gusher (DFNX2) Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Caroline D. Robson, MBChB 582 Common Cavity Malformation Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Caroline D. Robson, MBChB 584 Cystic Cochleovestibular Malformation Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Caroline D. Robson, MBChB 586 Large Vestibular Aqueduct Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR 590 Semicircular Canal Hypoplasia-Aplasia Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Caroline D. Robson, MBChB 594 Endolymphatic Sac Tumor Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Hilda E. Stambuk, MD 596 Dermoid and Epidermoid Cysts Bernadette L. Koch, MD 600 CPA-IAC Arachnoid Cyst Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and H. Ric Harnsberger, MD 604 Congenital Cholesteatoma Bernadette L. Koch, MD 608 Acquired Cholesteatoma Bernadette L. Koch, MD 610 Skull Base Chondrosarcoma Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Philip R. Chapman, MD ORBIT, NOSE, AND SINUSES 614 Nasal Glioma Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Bernadette L. Koch, MD 618 Frontoethmoidal Cephalocele Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Bernadette L. Koch, MD 622 Nasal Dermal Sinus Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Bernadette L. Koch, MD 626 Choanal Atresia Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Bernadette L. Koch, MD 628 Congenital Nasal Pyriform Aperture Stenosis Bernadette L. Koch, MD 630 Juvenile Angiofibroma Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Bernadette L. Koch, MD 634 Anophthalmia/Microphthalmia Bernadette L. Koch, MD 638 Macrophthalmia Bernadette L. Koch, MD 640 Coloboma Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and H. Christian Davidson, MD 644 Nasolacrimal Duct Mucocele Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Bernadette L. Koch, MD 646 Orbital Dermoid and Epidermoid Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and H. Christian Davidson, MD 650 Orbital Cellulitis Bernadette L. Koch, MD 654 Orbital Vascular Malformations Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR 658 Orbital Infantile Hemangioma Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Daniel E. Meltzer, MD 662 Retinoblastoma Bernadette L. Koch, MD SUPRAHYOID AND INFRAHYOID NECK 666 Approach to Congenital Lesions of Neck Bernadette L. Koch, MD 670 Lingual Thyroid Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Daniel E. Meltzer, MD 672 Oral Cavity Dermoid and Epidermoid Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Daniel E. Meltzer, MD 676 Reactive Lymph Nodes Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Nicholas A. Koontz, MD 680 Suppurative Adenitis Bernadette L. Koch, MD and Nicholas A. Koontz, MD MULTIPLE REGIONS, HEAD AND NECK 684 1st Branchial Cleft Cyst Bernadette L. Koch, MD 688 2nd Branchial Cleft Cyst Bernadette L. Koch, MD 692 3rd Branchial Cleft Cyst Bernadette L. Koch, MD 696 4th Branchial Cleft Cyst Bernadette L. Koch, MD 700 Thyroglossal Duct Cyst Bernadette L. Koch, MD 704 Cervical Thymic Cyst Bernadette L. Koch, MD 708 Venous Malformation Bernadette L. Koch, MD 712 Lymphatic Malformation, Cervical Bernadette L. Koch, MD 714 Infantile Hemangioma Bernadette L. Koch, MD 718 Neurofibromatosis Type 1, Head and Neck Bernadette L. Koch, MD 722 Brachial Plexus Schwannoma in Perivertebral Space Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR 724 Fibromatosis Colli Bernadette L. Koch, MD 728 Rhabdomyosarcoma Bernadette L. Koch, MD 732 Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumors Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Caroline D. Robson, MBChB 734 Orbital Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and H. Christian Davidson, MD SECTION 3: SPINE CONGENITAL AND GENETIC DISORDERS CONGENITAL 740 Filum Terminale Fibrolipoma Kevin R. Moore, MD 742 Ventriculus Terminalis Kevin R. Moore, MD 746 Chiari 1 Malformation Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 748 Chiari 2 Malformation Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 750 Chiari 3 Malformation Kevin R. Moore, MD and Jeffrey S. Ross, MD 752 Complex Chiari Malformation Kevin R. Moore, MD and Jeffrey S. Ross, MD 754 Approach to Spine and Spinal Cord Development Kevin R. Moore, MD 762 Myelomeningocele Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 764 Lipomyelomeningocele Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 768 Terminal Myelocystocele Kevin R. Moore, MD and Jeffrey S. Ross, MD 772 Dorsal Dermal Sinus Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 774 Dermoid Cyst Kevin R. Moore, MD and Jeffrey S. Ross, MD 778 Epidermoid Cyst Kevin R. Moore, MD 782 Tethered Spinal Cord Kevin R. Moore, MD 786 Segmental Spinal Dysgenesis Kevin R. Moore, MD and Jeffrey S. Ross, MD 790 Caudal Regression Syndrome Kevin R. Moore, MD and Jeffrey S. Ross, MD 794 Myelocystocele Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 798 Anterior Sacral Meningocele Kevin R. Moore, MD 802 Sacral Extradural Arachnoid Cyst Kevin R. Moore, MD 806 Sacrococcygeal Teratoma Kevin R. Moore, MD and Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 810 Craniovertebral Junction Variants Kevin R. Moore, MD 816 Klippel-Feil Spectrum Kevin R. Moore, MD 820 Failure of Vertebral Formation Kevin R. Moore, MD 824 Vertebral Segmentation Failure Kevin R. Moore, MD 828 Partial Vertebral Duplication Kevin R. Moore, MD 830 Diastematomyelia Kevin R. Moore, MD 834 Incomplete Fusion, Posterior Element Kevin R. Moore, MD 836 Neurenteric Cyst Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 840 Lateral Meningocele Kevin R. Moore, MD 844 Dorsal Spinal Meningocele Kevin R. Moore, MD 848 Dural Dysplasia Kevin R. Moore, MD 852 Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Kevin R. Moore, MD 856 Neurofibromatosis Type 2 Kevin R. Moore, MD 860 Achondroplasia Kevin R. Moore, MD and Jeffrey S. Ross, MD 864 Mucopolysaccharidoses Kevin R. Moore, MD 868 Sickle Cell Disease Kevin R. Moore, MD 872 Osteogenesis Imperfecta Kevin R. Moore, MD and Jeffrey S. Ross, MD SCOLIOSIS AND KYPHOSIS 876 Developmental Spinal Stenosis Kevin R. Moore, MD 880 Neuromuscular Scoliosis Kevin R. Moore, MD 882 Idiopathic Scoliosis Kevin R. Moore, MD 884 Idiopathic Kyphosis Kevin R. Moore, MD TRAUMA 886 Apophyseal Ring Fracture Kevin R. Moore, MD DEVELOPMENTAL AND DEGENERATIVE DISEASES 890 Schmorl Node Kevin R. Moore, MD 894 Scheuermann Kyphosis Kevin R. Moore, MD 898 Congenital Scoliosis and Kyphosis Kevin R. Moore, MD 902 Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis Kevin R. Moore, MD INFECTION AND INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS INFECTIONS904 Pyogenic Osteomyelitis Kevin R. Moore, MD 908 Tuberculous Osteomyelitis Kevin R. Moore, MD INFLAMMATORY AND AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS 914 Idiopathic Acute Transverse Myelitis Kevin R. Moore, MD 918 Neuromyelitis Optica Kevin R. Moore, MD and Jeffrey S. Ross, MD 922 Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Spine Jeffrey S. Ross, MD 924 ADEM Kevin R. Moore, MD 926 Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody- Associated Disease (MOGAD) Kevin R. Moore, MD 928 Guillain-Barré Syndrome Kevin R. Moore, MD and Blaise V. Jones, MD 932 Acute Flaccid Myelitis Kevin R. Moore, MD NEOPLASMS, CYSTS, AND OTHER MASSES NEOPLASMS 936 Osteoid Osteoma Kevin R. Moore, MD 940 Osteoblastoma Kevin R. Moore, MD 944 Aneurysmal Bone Cyst Kevin R. Moore, MD 948 Osteochondroma Kevin R. Moore, MD 952 Osteosarcoma Kevin R. Moore, MD 956 Chordoma Kevin R. Moore, MD 960 Ewing Sarcoma Kevin R. Moore, MD 964 Leukemia, Spine Kevin R. Moore, MD 968 Neuroblastic Tumors Kevin R. Moore, MD 972 Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Kevin R. Moore, MD and Lubdha M. Shah, MD 976 Angiolipoma Kevin R. Moore, MD 980 Spinal Lipoma Kevin R. Moore, MD and Jeffrey S. Ross, MD 984 CSF Disseminated Metastases Kevin R. Moore, MD 990 Myxopapillary Ependymoma Kevin R. Moore, MD 994 Astrocytoma Kevin R. Moore, MD and Jeffrey S. Ross, MD 998 Spinal Ependymoma Kevin R. Moore, MD NONNEOPLASTIC CYSTS AND TUMOR MIMICS 1002 Syringomyelia Kevin R. Moore, MD and Blaise V. Jones, MD 1004 Epidural Lipomatosis Kevin R. Moore, MD 1006 Extramedullary Hematopoiesis Kevin R. Moore, MD SPINE POSTPROCEDURAL IMAGING 1010 Hardware Failure Kevin R. Moore, MD
- ISBN: 978-0-443-23492-7
- Editorial: Elsevier
- Encuadernacion: Cartoné
- Páginas: 1096
- Fecha Publicación: 27/06/2024
- Nº Volúmenes: 1
- Idioma: Inglés