Computational Modelling of Biomechanics and Biotribology in the Musculoskeletal System: Biomaterials and Tissues

Computational Modelling of Biomechanics and Biotribology in the Musculoskeletal System reviews how a wide range of materials are modelled and how this modelling is applied. Computational modelling is increasingly important in the design and manufacture of biomedical materials, as it makes it possible to predict certain implant-tissue reactions, degradation, and wear, and allows more accurate tailoring of materials' properties for the in vivo environment. Part I introduces generic modelling of biomechanics and biotribology with a chapter on the fundamentals of computational modelling of biomechanics in the musculoskeletal system, and a further chapter on finite element modelling in the musculoskeletal system. Chapters in Part II focus on computational modelling of musculoskeletal cells and tissues, including cell mechanics, soft tissues and ligaments, muscle biomechanics, articular cartilage, bone and bone remodelling, and fracture processes in bones. Part III highlights computational modelling of orthopedic biomaterials and interfaces, including fatigue of bone cement, fracture processes in orthopedic implants, and cementless cup fixation in total hip arthroplasty (THA). Finally, chapters in Part IV discuss applications of computational modelling for joint replacements and tissue scaffolds, specifically hip implants, knee implants, and spinal implants; and computer aided design and finite element modelling of bone tissue scaffolds. This book is a comprehensive resource for professionals in the biomedical market, materials scientists and mechanical engineers, and those in academia. Covers generic modelling of cells and tissues; modelling of biomaterials and interfaces; biomechanics and biotribologyDiscusses applications of modelling for joint replacements and applications of computational modelling in tissue engineering INDICE: Contributor contact detailsWoodhead Publishing Series in BiomaterialsForewordPrefacePart I: Generic modelling of biomechanics and biotribology 1. Fundamentals of computational modelling of biomechanics in the musculoskeletal system Abstract:1.1 Computational approach and its importance1.2 Generic computational approach and important considerations1.3 Computational methods and software1.4 Future trends1.5 Sources of further information and advice1.6 References2. Finite element modeling in the musculoskeletal system: generic overview Abstract:2.1 The musculoskeletal (MSK) system2.2 Overview of the finite element (FE) method2.3 State-of-the-art FE modeling of the MSK system2.4 Key modeling procedures and considerations2.5 Challenges and future trends2.6 References3. Joint wear simulation Abstract:3.1 Introduction3.2 Classification of wear3.3 Analytic and theoretical modelling of wear3.4 Implementation of wear modelling in the assessment of joint replacement3.5 Validating wear models3.6 Future trends3.7 References3.8 Appendix: useful tables Part II: Computational modelling of musculoskeletal cells and tissues 4. Computational modeling of cell mechanics Abstract:4.1 Introduction4.2 Mechanobiology of cells4.3 Computational descriptions of whole-cell mechanics4.4 Liquid drop models4.5 Solid elastic models4.6 Power-law rheology model4.7 Biphasic model4.8 Tensegrity model4.9 Semi-flexible chain model4.10 Dipole polymerization model4.11 Brownian ratchet models4.12 Dynamic stochastic model4.13 Constrained mixture model4.14 Bio-chemo-mechanical model4.15 Computational models for muscle cells4.16 Future trends4.17 References5. Computational modeling of soft tissues and ligaments Abstract:5.1 Introduction5.2 Background and preparatory results5.3 Multiscale modeling of unidirectional soft tissues5.4 Multiscale modeling of multidirectional soft tissues5.5 Mechanics at cellular scale: a submodeling approach5.6 Limitations and conclusions5.7 Acknowledgments5.8 References6. Computational modeling of muscle biomechanics Abstract:6.1 Introduction6.2 Mechanisms of muscle contraction: muscle structure and force production6.3 Biophysical aspects of skeletal muscle contraction6.4 One-dimensional skeletal muscle modeling6.5 Causes and models of history-dependence of muscle force production6.6 Three-dimensional skeletal muscle modeling6.7 References7. Computational modelling of articular cartilage Abstract:7.1 Introduction7.2 Current state in modelling of articular cartilage7.3 Comparison and discussion of major theories7.4 Applications and challenges7.5 Conclusion7.6 References8. Computational modeling of bone and bone remodeling Abstract:8.1 Introduction8.2 Computational modeling examples of bone mechanical properties and bone remodeling8.3 Results of computational modeling examples8.4 Conclusion and future trends8.5 Sources of further information and advice8.6 Acknowledgments8.7 References9. Modelling fracture processes in bones Abstract:9.1 Introduction9.2 A brief update on the literature9.3 Physical formulation and modelling methods9.4 Results and discussion9.5 Challenges, applications and future trends9.6 Sources of further information and advice9.7 Acknowledgement9.8 References Part III: Computational modelling of orthopaedic biomaterials and interfaces 10. Modelling fatigue of bone cement Abstract:10.1 Introduction10.2 Modelling fatigue of bulk cement10.3 Cement-implant interface10.4 Cement-bone interface10.5 Current and future trends10.6 Conclusion10.7 References11. Modelling fracture processes in orthopaedic implants Abstract:11.1 Introduction11.2 The fracture mechanics approach11.3 Mechanical properties11.3.5 Fracture resistance11.3.6 Impact strength11.3.7 Hardness11.3.8 Fragility11.3.9 Abrasion11.4 Determination of fracture mechanics parameters11.5 Overview of computer methods used in mechanics11.6 Simulation and modelling of the crack path in biomaterials11.7 Challenges and future trends11.8 References12. Modelling cementless cup fixation in total hip arthroplasty (THA) Abstract:12.1 Cup fixation in acetabular bone stock12.2 Measurement and numerical analysis of cup fixation12.3 Summary of the relevant literature12.4 Materials and assumptions12.5 Modelling methods and details12.6 Understanding and interpretation12.7 Challenges, applications and future trends12.8 References Part IV: Applications of computational modelling for joint replacements and tissue scaffolds 13. Computational modeling of hip implants Abstract:13.1 Introduction13.2 Modeling and methods13.3 Results13.4 Discussion13.5 Future trends13.6 Conclusion13.7 References14. Computational modelling of knee implants Abstract:14.1 Introduction14.2 Application of computational models in analysis of knee implants14.3 Assumptions for kinematics and kinetics14.4 Model definition14.5 Model formulation14.6 Model solution14.7 Model validation14.8 Conclusion, challenges and future trends14.9 Sources of further information and advice14.10 References15. Computational modelling of spinal implants Abstract:15.1 Introduction15.2 Spine and implant computational biomechanics15.3 Numerical assessments of spinal implants15.4 Future trends15.5 Conclusion15.6 References16. Finite element modelling of bone tissue scaffolds Abstract:16.1 Introduction16.2 Fundamentals of computational mechanobiology16.3 Applications of finite element modelling (FEM) and computational mechanobiology to bone tissue engineering16.4 Discussion16.5 Conclusions and future trends16.6 References Index

• ISBN: 978-0-08-101407-3
• Editorial: Woodhead Publishing
• Encuadernacion: Rústica
• Páginas: 570
• Fecha Publicación: 30/06/2016
• Nº Volúmenes: 1
• Idioma: Inglés