Palladium Membrane Technology for Hydrogen Production, Carbon Capture and Other Applications: Principles, Energy Production and Other Applications

Thanks to their outstanding hydrogen selectivity, palladium membranes have attracted extensive R&D interest. They are a potential breakthrough technology for hydrogen production and also have promising applications in the areas of thermochemical biorefining. This book summarises key research in palladium membrane technologies, with particular focus on the scale-up challenges. After an introductory chapter, Part one reviews the fabrication of palladium membranes. Part two then focuses on palladium membrane module and reactor design. The final part of the book reviews the operation of palladium membranes for synthesis gas/hydrogen production, carbon capture and other applications. Review of manufacture and design issues for palladium membranesDiscussion of the applications of palladium membrane technology, including solar steam reforming, IGCC plants, NGCC plants, CHP plants and hydrogen productionExamples of the technology in operation INDICE: List of contributors Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy 1: Introduction to palladium membrane technology1.1 Introduction1.2 Current palladium membrane technology and research1.3 Principles and types of palladium membrane1.4 Separation mechanisms1.5 Palladium-based membranes1.6 Manufacturing of palladium membranes1.7 Applications of palladium membranes1.8 Palladium membrane technology scale-up issues Part One: Membrane fabrication and reactor design2: Fabrication of palladium-based membranes by magnetron sputtering2.1 Introduction2.2 Membrane fabrication by magnetron sputtering2.3 Membrane and module design2.4 ConclusionsAcknowledgements3: The use of electroless plating as a deposition technology in the fabrication of palladium-based membranes3.1 Introduction3.2 Electroless plating3.3 Industrial electroless plating applications3.4 Other deposition techniques and their pros/cons3.5 Important process parameters in scaling up electroless plating4: Large-scale ceramic support fabrication for palladium membranes4.1 Introduction4.2 Tubular porous ceramic substrates4.3 Flat porous ceramic substrates4.4 Macro- and mesoporous membrane layers made by slurry coating4.5 Mesoporous ceramic membrane layers made by the sol-gel process4.6 Special demands on palladium-supporting ceramic ultra-filtration (UF) membranes4.7 Mass production of ceramic membranes for ultra-filtration (UF)4.8 Strategies for reducing ceramic membrane production costs4.9 Conclusions5: Fabrication of supported palladium alloy membranes using electroless plating techniques5.1 Introduction5.2 Preparation of palladium membranes by electroless plating (ELP)5.3 Pore-fill? palladium membranes5.4 Preparation of an ultra-thin Pd-Ag alloy membrane supported on a YSZ-?-Al2O3 nanocomposite5.5 High temperature Pd-based supported membranes5.6 Conclusion6: Development and application of self-supported palladium membranes6.1 Introduction6.2 Properties of hydrogenated Pd-Ag6.3 Dense Pd-Ag membranes6.4 Applications: membrane reactors6.5 Conclusions7: Testing palladium membranes: methods and results7.1 Introduction: key parameters in scaling up membrane technology7.2 The KT - Kinetics Technology membrane assisted steam reforming plant7.3 Membrane modules7.4 Testing membrane module stability and durability7.5 Conclusions8: Criteria for palladium membrane reactor design: architecture, thermal effects and autothermal design8.1 Introduction8.2 Design and modelling of an isothermal, single reaction, single reactor8.3 Design and modelling of an isothermal, single reaction, distributed system8.4 Modelling multiple reactions8.5 Modelling thermal effects8.6 ConclusionsAcknowledgement9: Simulation of palladium membrane reactors: a simulator developed in the CACHET-II project9.1 Introduction9.2 Reactor configurations investigated during the CACHET-II project9.3 Model development9.4 Sub-models9.5 Calculation of physical properties9.6 Implementing the model: reactor modules9.7 Use of the programNomenclatureGreek symbols Part Two: Application of palladium membrane technology in hydrogen production, carbon capture and other applications10: Palladium membranes in solar steam reforming10.1 Introduction: what is steam reforming?10.2 The use of solar energy in steam reforming10.3 The use of palladium membranes in solar steam reforming10.4 Examples of solar steam reforming technology using palladium membranes11: Using palladium membranes for carbon capture in integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants11.1 Introduction11.2 Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) plants11.3 Handling sulphur in IGCC membrane plants11.4 Palladium membranes for IGCC applications11.5 Thermodynamic performance of IGCC plants using palladium membranes11.6 Effect of the membrane operating conditions on plant performance11.7 Economic assessment11.8 ConclusionsAppendix: nomenclature12: Using palladium membranes for carbon capture in natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) power plants: process integration and techno-economics12.1 Introduction12.2 Design of key components for the optimum operation of the power plant12.3 Design of water gas shift (WGS) reactors and membrane reactors (MRs)12.4 Purification, compression and recirculation12.5 Determining optimum operating parameters12.6 Optimized case study12.7 Economic evaluation12.8 Conclusions13: Using palladium membrane reformers for hydrogen production13.1 Introduction13.2 KT - Kinetics Technology reformer and membrane module (RMM) pilot plant13.3 RMM operation mode13.4 RMM performance13.5 Conclusions14: Operation of a palladium membrane reformer system for hydrogen production: the case of Tokyo Gas14.1 Introduction14.2 Membrane reformers (MRFs): key principles14.3 Performance of the MRF system: hydrogen production and carbon capture14.4 Durability of the membrane module14.5 Long-term operation of the MRF system14.6 ConclusionsAcknowledgements15: Using palladium membrane-based fuel reformers for combined heat and power (CHP) plants15.1 Introduction15.2 Current micro-CHP systems15.3 Membrane reactor fuel processing for fuel cell-based micro-CHP systems15.4 Comparison between fixed and fluidized bed membrane reactors for micro-CHP systems15.5 Conclusions and future trendsNote for the reader16: Review of palladium membrane use in biorefinery operations16.1 Introduction16.2 Pure H2 production16.3 Main chemicals production16.4 Fuel upgrading16.5 By-products recovery through reforming16.6 Further considerations for potential uses16.7 Conclusions Index

• ISBN: 978-0-08-101522-3
• Editorial: Woodhead Publishing
• Encuadernacion: Rústica
• Páginas: 570
• Fecha Publicación: 30/06/2016
• Nº Volúmenes: 1
• Idioma: Inglés